The article attempts to conceptualize and concretize the phenomenon of “spiritual values“, revealing the specifics of their understanding by Russian (mainly religious) philosophers. Spiritual values differ in a broad sense (“openness“ and “inclusiveness“) and in a narrow sense (faith and religious tradition). “Openness“ is considered on three levels: 1) openness to another person (V.S. Solovyov‘s philosophy of love, S.L. Frank‘s philosophy of dialogue, M.M. Bakhtin, personalism), 2) openness to other cultures (F.M. Bakhtin’s idea of the “universal responsiveness“ of the Russian people). Dostoevsky), 3) openness to space in its spatial and metaphysical sense (space, the beauty of “earth“ as a topos of Russian medieval thought, the idea of “landscape thinking“ by D.S. Likhachev, the cosmism of N.F. Fedorov, “holy Russia“ as a cosmic category in the assessment of S.S. Averintsev, etc.). “Faith“ is considered through the dialectic of “experienced communion with God“ and its “other“ (abstract theology and nominal religiosity) in the works of I.V. Kireevsky, S.L. Frank, S.I. Fudel and others. The conclusion is drawn that in the context of the history of Russian thought, spiritual values can be conceptualized through the category of “existentials“.
Russian Russian Cosmos Inside: Spiritual Values in the History of Russian Culture through the Prism of Russian Philosophy
- Автор: Алексей
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В статье предпринята попытка концептуализировать и конкретизировать феномен духовных ценностей, выявив специфику их осмысления русскими (преимущественно религиозными) философами. Различаются духовные ценности в широком смысле («открытость» и «всеохватность») и в узком смысле (вера и религиозная традиция). «Открытость» рассматривается на трех уровнях: 1) открытость другой личности (философия любви В. С. Соловьева, философия диалога С. Л. Франка, М. М. Бахтина, персонализм); 2) открытость другим культурам (идея «всемирной отзывчивости» русского народа у Ф. М. Достоевского); 3) открытость космосу в его пространственном и метафизическом смысле (пространство, красота «земли» как топос русской средневековой мысли, идея «пейзажного мышления» у Д. С. Лихачева, космизм Н. Ф. Федорова, «святая Русь» как космическая категория в оценке С. С. Аверинцева и др.). Вера рассматривается через диалектику «опытного богообщения» и его «иного» (отвлеченного богословия и номинальной религиозности) в трудах И. В. Киреевского, С. Л. Франка, С. И. Фуделя и др. Делается вывод, что в контексте истории русской мысли духовные ценности можно концептуализировать через категорию экзистенциалов.
The essay attempts to conceptualize and concretize the phenomenon of “spiritual values” in the history of Russian culture, identifying the specific ways in which Russian philosophers (primarily religious) conceive them. A distinction is made between spiritual values in the broad sense (“openness” and “allness”) and in the narrow sense (faith and religious tradition). “Openness” is considered at three levels: 1) openness to another person (the philosophy of love of Vladimir Soloviev, the philosophy of dialogue of Semyon Frank, Mikhail Bakhtin, personalism), 2) openness to other cultures (the idea of the “universal sympathy” of the Russian people in Fyodor Dostoevsky and its criticism), 3) openness to the cosmos in its spatial and metaphysical sense (space, the beauty of the “earth” as a topos of Russian medieval thought, the idea of “«landscape mind” in Dmitry Likhachev, cosmism of Nikolay Fedorov, “Holy Russia” as a “cosmic” category in the assessment of Sergey Averintsev). Faith is considered through the dialectic of “experienced communion with God” and its “alter” (abstract theology and nominal religiosity) in the works of Ivan Kireevsky, Semyon Frank, Sergey Fudel. It is concluded that in the context of the history of Russian thought, the notion of spiritual values can be conceptualized through the category of “existentials”.
Keywords: space, dialogue, other, person, “universal sympathy”, space, beauty, “Holy Russia”, faith, religious experience, religious tolerance.
Russian Russian Cosmos Inside: Spiritual Values in the History of Russian Culture through the Prism of Russian Philosophy